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Kunjani Okuluhlaza Kusenzo Kwesimanje Esikhethekileyo Kusiza Ekunxenyeni Yezimali Ezihlanzekileyo?
Imimoya engaphethelelwa ngaphandle yindlela ejwayelekile kodwa enamandla ekuguqulweni kumthetho wokusebenzisa izimali ezihlanzekileyo. Ngokusebenzisa umlilo—umsindo ofakelwe, ongapheli—bazilungiselela ukusebenzisa izimali zasendle, bakhuphule amathambo okubola, baze bafakale izibhamu ezenziwa yizwe ngcono. Kusukela kuzilimi zasegardeni kuze kube yisitri the street lamps nezikhombisi zokuphepha, imimoya engaphethelelwa ngaphandle sabonisa indlela eqondene yokusebenzisa izimali ezihlanzekileyo. Masiqonde konke lokhu kusiza njani ekunxenyeni yezimali ezihlanzekileyo.
Sebenzisa Umthwalo Osheshayo, Qhubeka Ukusebenzisa Izimali Zasendle
Izikhombisi ze-solar ziphindaphindwa kwiiphaneli ze-photovoltaic (PV) ukuze ziguqule umlilo kumthwalo, into ethinta ngaphandle kokulunga. Lokhu kuyahlukana nokusebenza kwesikhombisi esijwayelekile, okuthinta kumthwalo otholakeleyo ngokubamba ikholi, iyu oil, noma igesi yesintu—izimali zasendle ezithintela izimali ezihlanzekileyo eziphazanyayo.
- Akukho mthwalo wokubola : Izilonda zasolari zakhala amandla ngaphandle kokuphuma kuka-CO₂, methane, noma zenzo ezinye. Isilonda se-street solari esisodwa, umzekelo, singabusa ngaproximately 500 kg ye-CO₂ yokuphuma ngonyaka kunjalo kusilonda sethu elekthrikhi esisebenzisa inzuzo.
- Ukuncipha kokuthanda kumagridi amandla : Ngokusebenzisa inzuzo yasolari, lezi zilonda zizibeka ukuthanda kwamandla avumelekile kucoal noma igasi. Lokhu kusiza ekulungeniseni kumagirdi athintekayo, ikakhulu emadulwini anethemba elikhulu lemandla.
- Umthombo wokudla ongaphelanga : Inzuzo yithola kanye nokubuyiselwa, ngaphandle kwezimali ephelile neziningi izindleko. Izilonda zasolari zifinyelela kulolu rhasimelalo njalo, zenzela khona ukukhethwa okudlulelana okudlulelana.
Kumalungu nomndeni, ukuguqula kuzilonda zasolari kusibeka ngqo ukuthandakalo kumandla angavunyelwa.
Ukuncipha Kwizindleko Zokunyusa Futhi Ukuvikela
Izilonda zasolari zenza ukuba umandla osuselwa kube nodwa futhi usekelwe, nokuba kumalungu amancane noma emakhaya anengxenye encike ekhona.
- Akukho zindleko zezinhloso : Uma kufakwa, izixwayiso ze-solar zazingenayo imali ekhokhelwa—azingayishiya i-electricity ye-grid, ngakho abasebenzisi bethola imali kumalini wamuhla. Lokhu kuyisiphumo esikhulu kwizinkundla eziphathelene nempilo engaphucwile lapho izindleko zokuzimela zingahlala zihlaba isilinganiso esikhulu sekhasi.
- Izindleko ezingazange ziphansi : Izixwayiso ze-solar zilula ukusetha, khona-khona azidingeki ukuthi ziqhutshwe noma zixhunywe ku-inthanethi yezimali. Lokhu kwenza kube yisimo esifanele kuzindawo ezidelwayo (njengomphakathi wasezindlini) lapho ukufaka izilayini ze-electric zingaba nemali kakhulu noma ingekwaziwa.
- Ethembeni kubo bonke : Izixwayiso ezincane ze-solar (njengezixwayiso zesikhashana noma izilambi ezengeziweyo) zibalulekile ukuthenga, faka imodi yokuzimela enqabeni endaweni yakho. Izihlalo nezinhlangano zamagogawabo zazibeka izixwayiso ze-solar kuzindawo ezingena kulo grid, zabaluleka ubomi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amakhemikhali okugcwalisa umlilo.
Ngokukhathalela ukutholakala kwemodi ehlanzekileyo, izixwayiso ze-solar zinesizo ekubophekeni uhlelo lwesimo phakathi kwezindawo ezivuselelwe nezindawo eziphathelene nempilo engaphucwile.
Mnwezani Uswazi Futhi Wenzani Indlela Yenkohlwa
Amalayizi abizelelwa ukuba abe nemingqwalo futhi azimise karhulumenti, bekwezivumelwano nezimali ezingaphansi ezifihla ububi bokugcina.
- Ubude bokuphila : Amalayizi abizele angcono ayasebenza kusuku 5–10, ngezinto ezinokufakwa futhi (njengebhatere noma LED) ezibophezela ubomi babo. Lokhu kususa ukudinga kokuthenga amalayizi amasha kangakanana, kuyekisela ukungena kwamakhadi ekhasimende.
- Izinto ezinokubuyiselwa : Izingxenye eziningi zezilawuli abizele—kufana nezikhombisi ze-PV, izahluko zemithi, neplastic casings—zinokubuyiselwa emva kokuphela kwabo. Lokhu kuvikela izinto kusebenziswe futhi kuyekisela ukudinga kokondla izindlela eziphumelelayo.
- Amalayizi abizele aqinile emoyeni : Izilawuli abizele zisebenzisa izibhamu ze-LED, ezixhumana nomoya omngobo futhi ayasebenza hlanganang (50,000+ amahora) kungeza kwezincama. Izi-LED hazigqali ngokushesha, lokhu kuyekisela isimo sezindleko.
Ngasidinga kwebhatere ezinokucinywa noma izilawuli ezinzima, izilawuli abizele zifaka kwi-economy yamacala lapho izinto zisebenziswa futhi izindleko ziphazanyiswa.
Musa imiphakathi engaphandle kwegridi nokholo kwezinsiza
Amalayizi abandelana ngaphandle kwezinyawo ezingenayo ukufinyelela kumthwalo olusemthethweni, okunikeza ubomi obukhona kakhulu nokuthobela.
- Ukugcwalisa kwesilondolozi : Kabanzi kangakanani ukusuka kubemi 700 yizigidi zabantu ezodwa zihlala ngaphandle kwezenzelelo. Amalayizi abandelana athena kuzo ukugcwalisa okuhle nokuphepha emakhaya, emakhadini nemashule. Lokhu kuyiphulula izinyathelo ezimbi njengezilawuli zekerosene, ezakhiwa khona umnyango wokungcola kwindawo nomnyango womnyango.
- Ukulungiselela kwezimpondo : Ngexesha lokungasebenzi komthwalo (ngokungcola kwegolide, i-epilepthu noma ukuhlatywa kwemfumba), amalayizi abandelana aphinde aphinde indawo eyayisiseko igcwalise. Iinkosi, iindlu zokuphila nezaziso zingakhathazeki ekusebenziseni izinto eziphumelelayo ngaphandle kokulawula i-generator esebenzisa idileseli (isahluko sesibhedu).
- Uguqulelo olusemthethweni : Amalayizi abandelana anika amandla amagama angaphandle kwebhodi—abafundi bangafunda ngemini, imbizosinika ingqiqo emva komsitho, nezaziso zingasebenza ngempeleni ngomnyaka. Oku kunika umkhondo wokuthuthukiswa kwezempilo ngaphandle kokongeza kwezindleko ze-carbon.
Kulezo maphakathi, izikhululo zesilisa azisemthethweni nje kanti futhi ngokuthuthukisa okuphathelene.
Ubuninjwa ngokwemindeni
Izikhululo zesilisa zisebenza kuqobo oluningi, zakhulisa konke okubangela ukuthuthukisa kweziphumano zesilisa:
- Ukugcwalisa kumhlabeni : Izikhululo zesilisa zasegardeni, izilimi, nezikhululo zokuphepha kusungo nokuprivate. Zilahlekelwa ukusetshenziswa kwesilisa esivalelwe yigridi. Zichala ngokuzenzekelayo ngesihlwa bese zigcwalisa ekuseni, ngaphandle kokudinga ukusebenzisa khona ngendlela ethile.
- Izikhululo ezinamandla : Izilimi noma izilawuli ezinamanzi asetshenziswa isilisa zisetshenziswa emkhosini, ukuhamba kusihlabathi, noma emehluko. Zilahleka ukudinga kwebhetri ezingenakwenzeka ukubuyiselwa, ezenziwa ngamanzi abubi futhi ahambe endaweni yokulahla ibhetri.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwegodi : Abafarmi basezindaweni ezingavalelwe igridi basebenzisa izikhululo zesilisa ukuhlongozela izikhathi zokusebenza emashishini noma ukulungisa izithelo kuzinyoka ekuseni, zakhulisa umsebenzi ngaphandle kokudala iziciro zomoya.
Ubuniningi bazo kusho ukuthi izikhululo zesilisa zingakhipha ukugcwalisa kwezindlu kuwo wonke amazwi, zakhulisa konke okubangela ukuthuthukisa kwazo.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Izixwayiso ze-solar zisebenza na emehlweni wasezulwini?
Yebo, kodwa kungakhathalwa kube khona amandla. Izixwayiso ezintsha ze-solar zinezikhombisi ze-PV eziphumelelayo ezibambeza ubusuku noma kube mnyama, ihlukaniswe ukuthi zisebenze, nokho kungabangaki kube zihlala zizixwayisa ngemizuzu engaphansi.
Igama eliphelile labhatere yezixwayiso ze-solar lithini?
Abaninzi basebenzisa amabhathere ebavuselela abahlala kuleli xesha: 2–5 iminyaka. Emva kwalokho, kungafakwa amanye, okuhlenza ubude bezixwayiso.
Izixwayiso ze-solar zilungile kangakanani kumhlaba kunazo ezi-LED ezihlotshaniswa kugridi?
Yebo. Izi-LED ezihlotshaniswa kugridi zisebenzisa amandla angakwenzekanga kufudleyi. Izixwayiso ze-solar zisebenzisa amandla ayedwa kabusha kabusha (100%), fomdla kuzoba kuyisidingo.
Kungakhathalwa izixwayiso ze-solar zikwe thetha ikhabhoni yeNkazimulo?
Ngempela. Inkululeko eyisebenzisa izixwayiso ze-solar ekugcineni kwindlu nezokumela kumhla ngamunye ingakwe thetha i-CO₂ yayo ngamaye 50–100 kg ngokulingana nobusebenzi.
Izixwayiso ze-solar ziphaya kangakanani ukuzinzela?
Cha. Zinamazinga ambalwa kuphela, kanti ukuhlenga kufakazwa ekubeni kwenziwe ngokushaya kwe-battery (kuye kube yileli-2–5 iminyaka) nokucwasa i-PV panels ukulawula ubunzima.
Uhlu Lwezinto Eziqukethwe
- Sebenzisa Umthwalo Osheshayo, Qhubeka Ukusebenzisa Izimali Zasendle
- Ukuncipha Kwizindleko Zokunyusa Futhi Ukuvikela
- Mnwezani Uswazi Futhi Wenzani Indlela Yenkohlwa
- Musa imiphakathi engaphandle kwegridi nokholo kwezinsiza
- Ubuninjwa ngokwemindeni
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Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
- Izixwayiso ze-solar zisebenza na emehlweni wasezulwini?
- Igama eliphelile labhatere yezixwayiso ze-solar lithini?
- Izixwayiso ze-solar zilungile kangakanani kumhlaba kunazo ezi-LED ezihlotshaniswa kugridi?
- Kungakhathalwa izixwayiso ze-solar zikwe thetha ikhabhoni yeNkazimulo?
- Izixwayiso ze-solar ziphaya kangakanani ukuzinzela?
